North Carolina Plumbing License: Everything You Need to Know

The plumbing industry in North Carolina provides ample opportunities for individuals with the right skills and credentials. Licensing for Journeyman and Master Plumbers is regulated by the North Carolina State Board of Examiners of Plumbing, Heating, and Fire Sprinkler Contractors, ensuring high standards for safety and professionalism. This guide covers licensing requirements, insurance, renewals, salary information, and more to help you navigate a successful career in plumbing.

What plumbing work can be done without a license?

In North Carolina, unlicensed individuals can perform minor plumbing repairs, such as replacing faucets or unclogging drains. However, work involving the installation, alteration, or repair of water and sewer systems, gas lines, or any other regulated plumbing systems requires a licensed plumber. For larger projects, including those requiring permits, hiring a licensed professional is mandatory to comply with state laws.

What are the different types of plumbing licenses available in North Carolina?

North Carolina offers two primary plumbing licenses: Journeyman Plumber and Master Plumber. These licenses are issued and regulated by the State Board of Examiners.

Journeyman Plumber License

1. Requirements:
   • Complete an apprenticeship program or equivalent work experience (4,000 hours of supervised training).
   • Pass the Journeyman Plumber exam.
2. Scope of Work: Independently perform plumbing installations, repairs, and maintenance. Journeymen may also supervise Apprentices.

Master Plumber License

1. Requirements:
   • Obtain a Journeyman license.
   • Gain additional supervisory experience (at least 2 years recommended).
   • Pass the Master Plumber exam, which tests advanced knowledge of plumbing systems, safety standards, and project management.
2. Scope of Work: Oversee plumbing projects, supervise Journeyman Plumbers and Apprentices, and operate a plumbing business.

Average hourly rates for plumbers in North Carolina

Plumbers in North Carolina earn wages based on their experience and qualifications. Here’s a breakdown of average hourly rates in North Carolina compared to national averages:

• Apprentice Plumber: $14.50 per hour (National Average: $15.31)
• Journeyman Plumber: $23.50 per hour (National Average: $25.37)
• Master Plumber: $30.00 per hour (National Average: $30.46)

Wages in North Carolina tend to be higher in metropolitan areas like Raleigh and Charlotte, where demand for skilled plumbers is greater due to larger, more complex projects.

How to get a plumbing license in North Carolina

The process of obtaining a plumbing license in North Carolina involves a structured approach, combining education, work experience, and passing state-administered exams.

Step 1: Gain Experience

Enroll in an apprenticeship program through unions, technical schools, or local employers. These programs typically last four years and require:

• 4,000 Hours of supervised on-the-job training under a licensed plumber.
• Classroom instruction covering plumbing codes, safety protocols, and system design.

This combination of practical and theoretical education provides the foundational skills needed to advance in the plumbing profession.

Step 2: Journeyman Plumber License

After completing your apprenticeship, you can apply to take the Journeyman Plumber exam. The steps include:

• Submitting proof of completed training hours.
• Paying the required application fee.
  The exam evaluates knowledge of plumbing codes, safety standards, and system design. Passing the exam qualifies individuals to work independently, supervise apprentices, and take on more complex plumbing jobs.

Step 3: Master Plumber License

To become a Master Plumber in North Carolina, you must:

• Gain at least two years of additional experience as a licensed Journeyman Plumber.
• Apply to take the Master Plumber exam.

This advanced exam covers topics such as business operations, project management, and complex plumbing systems. Passing this exam qualifies plumbers to manage large projects, supervise Journeymen and Apprentices, and operate their own plumbing businesses.

Checklist for Obtaining a Plumbing License

Here’s a step-by-step checklist to guide you through the process:

Journeyman Plumber License

1. Complete an approved apprenticeship or gain equivalent experience.
2. Submit proof of 4,000 hours of supervised training.
3. Pass the Journeyman Plumber exam.

Master Plumber License

1. Obtain a Journeyman license.
2. Gain additional supervisory experience.
3. Pass the Master Plumber exam.

Should I join a union?

Joining a union, such as UA Local 421, provides numerous benefits:

• Training: Access to structured apprenticeship programs and advanced courses.
• Higher Pay: Union plumbers often earn 20% more than non-union plumbers.
• Benefits: Health insurance, pension plans, and job security.
• Job Placement: Networking opportunities and assistance in finding steady work.

Union-sponsored programs also offer progressive wages and continuing education, making them a valuable resource for career advancement.

Insurance for plumbers in North Carolina

Licensed plumbing contractors must carry General Liability Insurance to protect against property damage or injuries caused during work. Minimum coverage amounts vary depending on project size and scope, but contractors typically need:

• General Liability Insurance: At least $100,000 in coverage.
• Workers’ Compensation Insurance: Required for businesses with three or more employees to cover medical expenses and lost wages for work-related injuries.

Proof of insurance is required when applying for or renewing a plumbing license.

How to get my first plumbing apprenticeship

Securing an apprenticeship is the first step toward a plumbing career in North Carolina. Programs offered by unions, technical schools, and plumbing companies combine hands-on training with classroom instruction, preparing individuals for state licensure.

Eligibility Requirements

• Age: Must be at least 18 years old.
• Education: Possess a high school diploma or GED.
• Tests: Some programs may require passing an aptitude test, which evaluates math skills, reading comprehension, and mechanical reasoning.
• Additional Requirements: A valid driver’s license, the ability to travel to job sites, and passing a drug test may be necessary for some programs.

Application Process

1. Prepare Your Resume: Highlight relevant experience, such as construction, mechanical work, or technical DIY projects that showcase problem-solving skills.
2. Submit Applications: Apply to programs offered by unions like UA Local 421, technical schools, or private plumbing companies. Applications often require proof of education, references, and identification.
3. Interview Preparation: Dress professionally, arrive on time, and demonstrate enthusiasm for the trade. Be prepared to discuss your goals and how your background aligns with the plumbing industry.

Program Benefits

• Hands-On Training: Apprentices gain practical experience working under licensed plumbers, learning essential skills such as pipe installation, system maintenance, and troubleshooting.
• Classroom Instruction: Courses cover plumbing codes, blueprint reading, safety protocols, and advanced system design. Many technical schools in North Carolina offer flexible evening classes to accommodate working apprentices.

Timeline

Apprenticeships in North Carolina typically span four to five years, requiring the completion of 8,000 to 10,000 hours of supervised on-the-job training and classroom education. Many apprentices choose to attend technical colleges like Wake Technical Community College or Central Piedmont Community College, which offer courses designed to complement apprenticeship training. Apprentices must also register with the North Carolina Department of Labor to maintain their apprentice status.

Does my license work in any other states?

North Carolina plumbing licenses are not automatically valid in other states. However, the state participates in reciprocity agreements with some neighboring states, allowing plumbers to bypass certain requirements. For example:

• Reciprocity agreements with South Carolina, Tennessee, and Georgia streamline licensing processes for qualified candidates.

Always verify specific requirements with the licensing board in the destination state.

How do I stay up to date with plumbing codes?

Licensed plumbers in North Carolina are required to stay up to date with the current plumbing codes. Updated North Carolina references can be found on the following websites:

• International Code Council
• UpCodes

What resources are available in the plumbing industry?

The following information will help you prepare for a career as a plumber in North Carolina:

• Plumbing Specialties
• Plumbing Industry Trends
• Plumbing Blogs
• Plumbing Trade Shows

I already have a license but:

• I Changed My Name: Notify the North Carolina State Board of Examiners of Plumbing, Heating, and Fire Sprinkler Contractors with legal documentation, such as a marriage certificate or court order.
• I Misplaced My License: Request a replacement through the board’s online portal or by mail. A replacement fee may apply.
• I Changed My Address: Update your information with the board to avoid renewal issues and ensure you receive important notifications.

How often do I need to renew my plumbing license in North Carolina?

Plumbing licenses in North Carolina must be renewed annually. Renewal requirements include:

• Fee: The cost to renew a plumbing license is $75 for Journeymen and $100 for Master Plumbers.
• Continuing Education: License holders must complete 6 hours of continuing education each year on updated plumbing codes and safety standards. Failure to renew on time may result in penalties or suspension of licensure. Renewals can be completed online through the North Carolina State Board of Examiners’ portal.